We use the present tense:
1. For repeated or regular actions
  • I take the train to the office.
  • The train to Berlin leaves every hour.
  • John sleeps eight hours every night during the week.
2. For facts.
  • The President of The USA lives in The White House.
  • A dog has four legs.
  • We come from Switzerland.
3. For habits.
  • I get up early every day.
  • Carol brushes her teeth twice a day.
  • They travel to their country house every weekend.
4. For things that are true.
  • It rains a lot in winter.
  • The Queen of England lives in Buckingham Palace.
  • They speak English at work.


Verb Conjugation & Spelling
We form the present tense using the base form of the infinitive (without the TO).
In general, in the third person we add 'S' in the third person.
Subject
Verb
The Rest of the sentence
I / you / we / they
speak / learn
English at home
he / she / it
speaks / learns
English at home
The spelling for the verb in the third person differs depending on the ending of that verb:
1. For verbs that end in -O, -CH, -SH, -SS, -X, or -Z we add -ES in the third person.
  • go – goes
  • catch – catches
  • wash – washes
  • kiss – kisses
  • fix – fixes
  • buzz – buzzes
2. For verbs that end in a consonant + Y, we remove the Y and add -IES.
  • marry – marries
  • study – studies
  • carry – carries
  • worry – worries
NOTE: For verbs that end in a vowel + Y, we just add -S.
  • play – plays
  • enjoy – enjoys
  • say – says


ADVERB PLACEMENT

The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
·       You only speak English.
·       Do you only speak English?



Present Simple Tense

I sing

How do we make the Present Simple Tense?

subject
+
auxiliary verb
+
main verb


do

base
There are three important exceptions:
1.   For positive sentences, we do not normally use the auxiliary.
2.   For the 3rd person singular (he, she, it), we add s to the main verb or es to the auxiliary.
3.   For the verb to be, we do not use an auxiliary, even for questions and negatives.
Look at these examples with the main verb like:
subject
auxiliary verb

main verb

+
I, you, we, they

like
coffee.
He, she, it

likes
coffee.
-
I, you, we, they
do
not
like
coffee.
He, she, it
does
not
like
coffee.
?
Do
I, you, we, they

like
coffee?
Does
he, she, it

like
coffee?

Examples of the Present Simple

1.    The sun sets in the west.
2.    We produce lasers for cosmetic surgery.
3.    They move into their new home next week.
4.    So, I go to Mr. D and say “I deserve a better mark in this class”.
5.    Jones stops in mid-court and passes the ball to Schuster.

Wh-Questions in the Present Simple

Wh- questions are questions that require more information in their answers. Typical wh- words are what, where, when, why, who, how, how many, how much.
To create a wh-question, start with the wh-word, then add do or does, then the subject (a person or thing that does the action), followed by the base form of the verb and only then add the rest of the sentence.
Wh-Word
Auxiliary Verb
Subject
Verb in Base Form
Rest of Sentence
What
do
I / you / we / they
want
Why
does
he / she / it
shout
at you
1.    When do you want to meet me?
2.    Why does Beth always complain so much?
3.    How much does the ticket cost?
4.    Why don’t you ever go on vacation?

.